China's Aggressive Push for High-End AI Chip Autonomy

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TrendForce supply chain research shows that despite reports China may relax import restrictions on the NVIDIA H200, actual H200 entry into China remains highly uncertain. Under export controls on high-end GPUs, the Chinese government is actively promoting domestic AI chip adoption this year, and the local ecosystem is gradually maturing in advanced process nodes, advanced packaging, and thermal management. China's AI infrastructure is shifting from reliance on foreign GPUs toward a dual-track model of domestic GPUs plus in-house ASICs.

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Recent reports suggest China may ease restrictions on NVIDIA H200 imports, potentially opening new opportunities for the GPU. However, TrendForce’s latest supply chain checks show that successful H200 shipments into China remain highly uncertain. Despite trade restrictions on high-end GPUs, China’s AI sector has not slowed down. Instead, it has sped up efforts to build a self-sufficient domestic AI supply chain.

This year, the Chinese government has actively encouraged the adoption of domestic AI chips. This policy push will likely provide priority support to high-potential domestic players, allowing them to substantially expand their market share in China’s high-end AI server market. At the same time, the domestic ecosystem is maturing in key areas such as advanced foundry nodes, advanced packaging, and thermal management. Together, these developments are moving China’s AI infrastructure away from its heavy reliance on foreign GPUs, toward a dual-track model of “domestic GPUs + proprietary ASICs.”

This article will explore:

How China’s high-end AI chip supply structure is being reshaped
WAIC 2026: The shift toward rack-scale supernode architectures
TrendForce View on component demand driven by supernode architectures

Related report: Global Capex Rises as China Builds AI Autonomy